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浅谈英语倒装结构的集中用法

发布日期:2016-01-19      阅读数:1791 次

动词置于主语之前构成倒装,倒装结构通常是为了表示强调,一般用于以下几种情况:
 
1、  在疑问句中,例如:
1)  Are you a worker?
2)  Does he like to play football?
3)  She will come tomorrow, won’t she?
2、  在以某些副词开头的句子中
1)  以Here,There开始,例如:
(1)  There are a lot of desks in the classroom.
(2)  Here comes the bus!
(3)  Here is the book you are looking for.
当句子主语是代词时,主谓语序不变。例如:
(1)  Here it is!
(2)  Here you are!
2)  以表示频度、地点的副词,如often,twice,in,out,down,away,back,over,up等开头时。例如:
(1)  Often have I heard the story.
(2)  Twice have I been toBeijingsince I came here.
(3)  In came the teacher!
(4)  Out rushed a group of children.
(5)  Down came the big rain pouring.
3)  当only用于句首而不修饰主语时(多修饰状语)。例如:
(1)  Only in this way can we succeed in doing the experiment.
(2)  Only inChinacan they see such a thing as that.
(3)  Only when you grow up can you understand what I have said to you.
(4)  Only then did he realize that he was wrong.
4)  表示否定意义的副词,如not,not only,never,seldom,little,hardly,no sooner用于句首时。例如:
(1)  Not until 11 o’clock did he go to bed last night.
(2)  Not only have I been toEngland, but also been to theU.S.
(3)  Seldom do I go to see a film.

(4)  Never shall I do such things in my life.

3、  表示前面说的情况也适用于另一人(或物)时,用So或neither(nor)+倒装结构跟在一个陈述句后面。
1)  so+be(have,助动词,情态动词)+主语,表示肯定,意为“也……”。例如:
(1)  I’m a middle school student. So is his little sister.
(2)  Tom can swim, so can I.
(3)  I have read the book. So have they.
(4)  He came to the factory yesterday. So did she.
(5)  Wei Fang is good at English, so am I.
2)  neither(nor)+be(have 或助动词、情态动词)+主语,表示否定,意为“也不……”。例如:
(1)  You are not able to do the job, neither am I.

(2)  A car can’t fly, nether can a truck.

4、  用在虚拟结构中省去if的条件句中。例如:
1)  Were you a little more hardworking, you would pass the examination.
2)  Had he come here earlier, he would have seen the famous writer.
3)  Should anything happen, let me know.
5、  为保持句子平衡,或为强调表语或状语,或使上下文连接紧密,也可用倒装。例如:
1)  Near the factory are many tall trees.
2)  On the ground lay an old sick goat, which had gone into the cave to die.
3)  There on some hay on the ground lay a peasant boy of not more than seventeen.
4)  When the sun rose in the east, we arrived at the foot of a small hill, in front which was a village.
 
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