刘鹤在世界经济论坛2023年年会上的特别致辞（上）
尊敬的施瓦布主席，
女士们、先生们、朋友们：
Dr. Klaus Schwab,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Friends,
大家上午好！非常感谢施瓦布先生的邀请，让我有机会再次来到美丽的达沃斯。我上次参加达沃斯论坛是2018年。五年过去了，我们经历了各种出乎意料的事件，世界政治经济图景已经发生深刻变化。在这样的背景下，今年年会以“在分裂的世界中加强合作”为主题，意义重大。
Good morning! Let me begin by thanking Dr. Schwab for inviting me to Davos again. The last time I came here was 2018. Over the past five years, we have experienced all kinds of unexpected events, and witnessed profound changes in the world’s political and economic landscape. Therefore, the theme of this year’s Annual Meeting, “Cooperation in a Fragmented World”, cannot be more relevant.
相互了解是加强合作的重要前提。线上交流再多，技术手段再先进，也代替不了直接见面。我这两天见了不少老朋友，感到非常温暖。借此机会，我想当面向大家简要介绍中国经济的情况。2022年，中国顺利完成了重要国内政治议程，成功召开中共二十大，选举产生了以习近平主席为核心的新的中央领导集体，擘画了未来五年乃至更长时期中国式现代化发展的宏伟蓝图。
Mutual understanding is an important prerequisite for cooperation. Online communication, no matter how frequent or how technologically advanced, is no substitute for in-person meetings. I had quite a number of very warm meetings with some old friends these two days. Hopefully, at this face-to-face meeting, I can help you understand the Chinese economy better.
In 2022, China completed its major political agenda. We held the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and elected the new central leadership with President Xi Jinping at its core. We drew up an ambitious blueprint for advancing Chinese modernization in the coming five years and beyond.
我们在不久前召开了中国的年度中央经济工作会议，按照中共二十大精神，对2023年经济工作作出部署。从2022年情况看，中国经济增长3%，保持了就业稳定、物价稳定，城镇调查失业率5.6%，居民消费价格指数2%，经常项目顺差占GDP比重略高于2%。2023年，我们将坚持稳中求进工作总基调，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，努力保持合理的经济增长，保持物价和就业总体稳定。我们要着力扩大国内需求，推动产业链供应链循环畅通，支持民营经济健康发展，深化国有企业改革，欢迎更多外资来华，防范化解经济金融风险。我们相信，经过努力，2023年中国经济将实现整体性好转，增速达到正常水平是大概率事件，预计今年进口会明显增加，企业会加大投资力度，居民消费会回归常态。
Last month, we held the annual Central Economic Work Conference to make plans for 2023 in line with the deployment of the 20th CPC National Congress. In 2022, China’s growth was 3%. And we managed to keep jobs and prices stable. Urban surveyed unemployment rate was 5.6 percent, CPI was two percent, and current account surplus was slightly above two percent of GDP.
In 2023, we will continue to try to make progress while maintaining stability, and follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. We will strive to maintain reasonable economic growth, and keep prices and jobs stable. More focus will be placed on expanding domestic demand, keeping supply chains stable, supporting the private sector, reforming the state-owned enterprises (SOEs), attracting foreign investment, and preventing economic and financial risks.
If we work hard enough, we are confident that growth will most likely return to its normal trend, and the Chinese economy will see a significant improvement in 2023. A noticeable increase of import, more investment by companies, and consumption returning back to normal can be expected.
回顾过去十年，中国GDP从54万亿元增加到121万亿元，人均预期寿命从74.8岁提高到78.2岁，对世界经济增长的贡献率达到36%左右。能够取得这样的成绩，至少有五点经验：第一，必须坚持发展是第一要务，坚持以经济建设为中心。在新的形势下，要完整全面准确贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念，有力推动经济高质量发展。第二，必须坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向。充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用。有的人说中国要搞计划经济，这是绝对不可能的。要坚定不移深化国有企业改革，毫不动摇支持民营经济发展壮大，促进公平竞争，反对垄断，弘扬企业家精神。第三，必须坚持全方位扩大对外开放。对外开放是中国的基本国策，开放是促进改革和发展、推动中国经济进步的重要动力，中国的大门只会越开越大。第四，必须坚持依法治国。依法保护产权和知识产权，营造市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境。无论政府行为还是市场行为，都必须在法治轨道上运行。第五，必须坚持创新驱动发展。大力推动创新，发展教育，重视人力资本的提升，重视金融、科技、产业的三角循环，努力提高劳动生产率。这些经验是我们从改革开放以来一直奉行的重要做法，必须长期坚持，毫不动摇。
Over the past ten years, China’s GDP grew from 54 trillion to 121 trillion yuan; average life expectancy rose from 74.8 to 78.2 years; and contribution to global growth reached around 36 percent. There are five things that we always bear in mind in making such achievements.
First, we must always take economic development as the primary and central task. Under the new circumstances, guided by the philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, high-quality economic development must always be our goal.
Second, we must always make establishing a socialist market economy the direction of our reform. We must let the market play a decisive role in resources allocation, let the government play a better role. (Some people say China will go for the planned economy. That’s by no means possible.) We will deepen SOE reform, support the private sector, and promote fair competition, anti-monopoly and entrepreneurship.
Third, we must always promote all-round opening-up. Opening-up, as a basic state policy, is a catalyst of reform and development, and a key driver of economic progress in China. China’s door to the outside will only open wider.
Fourth, we must always uphold the rule of law. We must protect property rights and IPRs in accordance with the law. We must create a world-class and market-oriented business environment underpinned by a sound legal framework. Both government and market activities must stay within the confines of law.
Fifth, we must pursue innovation-driven development. We must promote innovation and education, grow human capital, foster a sound interaction of finance, technology and industry, and boost productivity.
The above five points are the important experience we have learned and gained since China started its reform and opening-up. We must stick to them and never waver in our commitment.
在这里，我想再简要介绍三个问题。第一，中国防范化解金融风险特别是房地产业相关风险的情况；第二，中国促进经济双循环的考虑；第三，中国推动共同富裕的考虑。
Let me also briefly touch upon three issues about the Chinese economy you might be interested in: first, where we are in resolving financial risks, those in the real estate sector in particular; second, our thinking on the dual circulation; third, the rationale behind China’s goal of common prosperity.
过去五年中国出现一些金融风险，主要是由于宏观经济下行、金融监管不严、经营主体盲目扩张、内部人控制等因素共同造成的。我们打了一场攻坚战，果断处置了一批高风险大型企业集团，处置高风险中小金融机构，处置不良资产，压缩影子银行规模，应对资本市场异常波动。经过努力，中国的金融体系总体保持了稳健，守住了不发生系统性风险的底线。我们正在制定《金融稳定法》，为下一步化解金融风险、维护金融稳定提供法律保障。
The financial risks that emerged in China over the past five years are a result of multiple factors, including macroeconomic downturn, loose financial supervision, imprudent business expansion, and insider control.
We fought a tough battle to address these risks. We dealt with conglomerates as well as small and medium-sized financial institutions of high risks, disposed of distressed assets, curbed shadow banking activities, and handled unusual volatility in the capital market.
Thanks to these efforts, we have managed to maintain overall financial stability and prevented systemic risks. We are drafting the Financial Stability Law right now, which is expected to provide legal safeguards for defusing risks and maintaining financial stability as we go forward.
来源：新华网 日期：2023年1月19日
|
