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Steiner\uff08\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u53f2\u4e39\u7eb3\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u201cA study of translation is a study of 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\/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u60f3\u8c08\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u540e\u6765\u6211\u5c31\u641e\u4e86\u8fd9\u51e0\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e09\u5957\u6559\u7a0b\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u5957\u6559\u7a0b\u53d1\u5c55\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u56db\u672c\u5e7f\u64ad\u51fd\u6388\u7684\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7b49\u5230\u9ad8\u81ea\u8003\uff0c\u8fd9\u9ad8\u81ea\u8003\u7684\u4e8b\u6211\u8981\u5570\u55e6\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u8bb8\u56fd\u748b\u6559\u6388\u53bb\u4e16\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u81ea\u8003\u82f1\u8bed\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u804c\u52a1\u9009\u6211\u53bb\u63a5\u66ff\uff0c\u6211\u4e3b\u6301\u4fee\u8ba2\u4e86\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u7f16\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u9ad8\u81ea\u8003\u7528\u7684\u6559\u6750\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5462\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c4a\u8981\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7f16\u6559\u6750\u3002\u7f16\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u5217\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u8ba4\u9886\u3002\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u5e08\u8ba4\u9886\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bfe\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4e24\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5230\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e86\uff0c\u4ea4\u4e0d\u51fa\u5377\u513f\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u542f\u52a8\u5462\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e7f\u4e1c\u90a3\u5730\u65b9\u554a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7279\u522b\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5fd9\u7740\u505a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e8b\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u6025\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u4f60\u8d76\u5feb\u5e94\u6025\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8d76\u5feb\u628a\u4f60\u90a3\u5957\u4e66\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u52a0\u5de5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c31\u628a\u90a3\u5957\u4e66\u52a0\u52a0\u5de5\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u7f16\u6210\u4e86\u9ad8\u81ea\u8003\u7528\u7684\u300a\u82f1\u6c49\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u7a0b\u300b\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u540e\u6765\u5b66\u6821\u8981\u641e\u8d44\u683c\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u53c8\u8ba9\u6211\u628a\u5b83\u518d\u538b\u7f29\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u4e86\u7b80\u660e\u6559\u7a0b\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u4e66\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u91cc\u5934\u6709\u51e0\u7bc7\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u559c\u6b22\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u7d20\u8bb2How to grow old\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u633a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u518d\u56de\u5230\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\u6c49\u8bd1\u82f1\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u300a\u6c49\u82f1\u7ffb\u8bd1500\u4f8b\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u5199\u4e8620\u7bc7\u77ed\u6587\uff0c\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u6211\u5728\u300a\u82f1\u6c49\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ec3\u4e60\u96c6\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e8625\u70b9\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u95ee\u4f60\uff0c\u4f60\u5199\u4e86\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a20\u7bc7\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670925\u70b9\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u4f60\u8ba9\u6211\u8bb0\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u6211\u600e\u4e48\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f4f\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u5f80\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\u8bb2\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u533a\u522b\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u90a3\u6211\u5c31\u7422\u78e8\u7422\u78e8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u66ff\u4ee3substitution\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6c49\u8bed\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u5f97\u5389\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u597d\u591a\u6b21\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u592a\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u538c\u70e6\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u8bcd\u97f3\u8282\u6bd4\u8f83\u77ed\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u91cd\u590d\u4e00\u4e0b\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u5982\u679c\u91cd\u590d\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u7684\u8bcd\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e86\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u540d\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528pronoun\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u4e9b\u77ed\u8bed\u90fd\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u82f1\u56fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e66\u53ebAGrammar of Contemporary English\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u662fpro-forms\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684pronoun\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u8981\u66ff\u4ee3\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bcd\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7edf\u79f0\u662fpro-forms\uff0c \u53eb\u66ff\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5427\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u7ffb\u82f1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8de8\u53e5\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u300a\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u6587\u9009\u300b\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u201c\u8981\u63d0\u5021\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u9760\u79d1\u5b66\u624d\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u8fd9\u4e48\u77ed\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u90a3\u82f1\u6587\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u5462\uff1f\u201cWe must promote science, for that is where our hope lies\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae\u5427\uff0c\u4f46\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\uff0c\u201cwe must promote science, for only science \u2026\u201d\u90a3\u82f1\u6587\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u5dee\u4e86\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5408\u4e4e\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5bb6\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u4f60\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u8bb2\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2afor\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2afor \u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u77ed\u53e5\uff0c\u201c\u8981\u63d0\u5021\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u201c\u9760\u79d1\u5b66\u624d\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u201d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u53e5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ed\u53e5\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u8bcd\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u50cf\u82f1\u6587\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8bf4we must promote science, for\u2026\u8981\u8fc7\u6e21\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662fthat is where our hope lies\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u524d\u9762\u5c31\u8981\u52a0\u4e2a\u53e5\u53f7\uff0c\u8981\u65ad\u53e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u770b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6c49\u8bed\u591a\u7528\u5e76\u5217\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u800c\u82f1\u8bed\u591a\u7528\u4e3b\u4ece\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u60f3\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u70b9\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u8c13\u642d\u914d\u554a\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u82f1\u6587\u4e5f\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u91cc\u5934\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u771f\u662f\u5728\u505a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5f97\u56f4\u7740\u5b83\u8f6c\u3002\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u5355\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f97\u662f\u5355\u6570\u3002\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u4f60\u540e\u5934\u7684\u8bdd\u90fd\u5f97\u8ddf\u7740\u5b83\u8f6c\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u4e48\u4e5f\u5f97\u653e\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8bed\u3002\u53e3\u8bed\u4e0d\u7b97\u54c8\u3002\u53e5\u5b50\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u6709\u4e3b\u8bed\u3002\u6c49\u8bed\u5219\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u4e3b\u8bed\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6709\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4f60\u6362\u4e86\u522b\u7684\u4eba\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u6ca1\u8bf4\uff0c\u7167\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5462\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u6b7b\u8ddf\u539f\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u54c8\u3002\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u8def\u7ebf\u8981\u7ba1\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u52a8\u6447\u4e0d\u5f97\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u8def\u7ebf\u201d\u8fd8\u597d\u8bf4\uff0cbasic line\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u201c\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u201d\u4e5f\u597d\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7ba1\u201d\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\uff1f\u554a\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7ba1\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bcd\uff1f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528manage\u5427\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u4f60\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bcd\uff1flast\uff1flast\u592a\u88ab\u52a8\u4e86\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u5408\u4e4e\u539f\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u5427\uff1f\u597d\u5566\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6211\u4e00\u770b\u8bd1\u6587\u554a\uff0c\u5927\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5174\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u62ff\u57fa\u672c\u8def\u7ebf\u5f53\u4e3b\u8bed\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u4eec\u731c\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u7528we\u505a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u201cWe should adhere to the basic line for a hundred years\u201d\u3002\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bd1\u6587\u591a\u597d\u554a\uff0c\u53c8\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53c8\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u554a\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u554a\u3002\u6700\u540e\u518d\u52a0\u4e0awith no vacillation\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5934\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u8c13\u5173\u7cfb\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u89c9\u5f97\u597d\u529e\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u8981\u6211\u7b80\u5316\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u4f60\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u96be\u514d\u53d7\u539f\u6587\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u5427\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8ddf\u7740\u539f\u6587\u8d70\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u82f1\u6587\u91cc\u53e5\u5b50\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f88\u677e\u6563\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u50cf\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u5bf9\u5427\uff1f\u867d\u7136\u4e2d\u6587\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7167\u539f\u6837\u79fb\u5230\u82f1\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u60f3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u8bb2\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u518d\u8bb2\u8bb2\u6700\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6211\u53c2\u52a0\u5ba1\u5b9a\u4e86\u51e0\u672c\u53cc\u8bed\u8bcd\u5178\uff0c\u8bcd\u5178\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u53c8\u548c\u6574\u6bb5\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5b64\u96f6\u96f6\u7684\u5355\u53e5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u76ee\u6216\u4e49\u9879\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u770b\u7684\u7a3f\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u662f\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u7406\u597d\u3002\u5b83\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u60f3\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5904\u7406\u597d\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u679c\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u6709\u4e2a\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\u2014\u2014Galsworthy\u3002\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53eb\u4f5cThe Forsyte Saga\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u5566\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u5934\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201dThose privileged to be present at a family festival of the Forsytes\u2026\u201d \u8fd9\u6574\u4e2a\u662f\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u201d\u2026have seen that charming and instructive sight\u2013\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48sight\u5462\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7834\u6298\u53f7\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u662f\u201dan upper middleclass family in full plumage.\u201d \u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u5468\u7199\u826f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5728\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u78b0\u5230\u798f\u5c14\u8d5b\u5bb6\u6709\u559c\u5e86\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u53bb\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u770b\u89c1\u8fc7\u90a3\u6d3e\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5c42\u4eba\u5bb6\u7684\u5174\u76db\u6c14\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u770b\u4e86\u5f00\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u589e\u957f\u89c1\u8bc6\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bd1\u6587\u5f88\u5999\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f88\u5999\u5462\uff1f\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u786c\u628acharming and instructive sight\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u5f88\u96be\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u53d7\u5b83\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5148\u628a\u8981\u7d27\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b8c\uff0c\u518d\u8bf4\u201c\u4e0d\u4f46\u770b\u4e86\u5f00\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u589e\u957f\u89c1\u8bc6\u201d\u3002\u770b\u4e86\u5f00\u5fc3\u561b\u5c31\u662fcharming\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u89c1\u8bc6\u561b\u5c31\u662finstructive\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u5462\uff1f\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u91cc\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u5360\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u6211\u6240\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u62b1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6001\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u2014\u2014\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u70b9\u6211\u60f3\u8bb2\u7684\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6211\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5e73\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u611f\u5230\u8f7b\u677e\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f88\u5b50\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u7ed9\u6211\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53bb\u627e\u4eba\u5bb6\u8bf4\u6211\u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1b\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u627e\u4e0a\u95e8\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u505a\u90a3\u4e2a\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u517b\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u603b\u8981\u770b\u70b9\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u5fc3\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u4e8b\u3002\u524d\u4e24\u5929\u676d\u5dde\u5f00\u4f1a\u628a\u6211\u7d2f\u5f97\u4e0d\u8f7b\u3002\u6211\u6ca1\u53bb\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5f00\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u8fd8\u7d2f\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u5f00\u4f1a\u6211\u8001\u7b49\u7740\u5b83\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5b83\u8001\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u8001\u653e\u4e0d\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u5929\u6211\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5728\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u3002\u5c31\u770b\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u773c\u76ef\u7740\u4f60\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u62ff\u51fa\u4e3b\u610f\u6765\u3002\u54b1\u4eec\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u8bb2\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u8bdd\u90fd\u5f88\u6709\u5206\u91cf\uff0c\u548c\u54b1\u4eec\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u662f\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5f88\u53d7\u9f13\u821e\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span 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\/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u53e6\u5916\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f88\u5b50\u5c31\u53ea\u505a\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u5f88\u6ce8\u610f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u5f00\u4e86\u4eba\u4ee3\u4f1a\uff0c\u6211\u5b66\u4e86\u4e2a\u65b0\u8bcd\uff0c\u53eb\u201c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u201d\u3002\u6211\u7ed9\u674e\u9662\u957f\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4ed6\u9a6c\u4e0a\u7ed9\u6211\u8bb2\u8bb2\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6211\u8d76\u7d27\u627e\u4e86\u672c\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u5468\u62a5\u300b\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u600e\u4e48\u7ffb\u7684\u3002\u6211\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u539f\u6765\u662fsupply side\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u628a\u4f60\u96be\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u9662\u5b50\u91cc\u6709\u4eba\u95ee\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u5e84\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u2018\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u2019\uff1f\u201d\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u95ee\u8fc7\u6211\u82f1\u6587\u3002\u6211\u5c31\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u4eec\u770b\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u300a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8c08\u6cbb\u56fd\u7406\u653f\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u5728\u8bfb\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\u6211\u4e5f\u62ff\u6765\u4e00\u672c\u8bfb\u4e00\u8bfb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u300a\u6bdb\u9009\u300b\u3001\u300a\u9093\u9009\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5468\u9009\u300b\u6211\u90fd\u8bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u672c\u6211\u4e5f\u8981\u8bfb\u4e00\u8bfb\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4eba\u7ffb\u7684\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5b9a\u7a3f\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6ca1\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u4e00\u70b9\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u770b\u4e86\u540e\u5f88\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u9898\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f\u5b83\u6709\u5341\u516b\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u6bcf\u51e0\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u5341\u516b\u7ec4\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u7ec4\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6301\u7eed\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1fEconomic Development\uff0c\u5c31\u5b8c\u4e86\u3002\u8bd5\u60f3\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b57\u90fd\u7ffb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u4e00\u884c\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u4e00\u884c\u653e\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u653e\u4e0d\u4e0b\u5c31\u5f97\u5206\u4e24\u884c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u6df9\u6ca1\u5728\u5b57\u91cc\u5934\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u95ee\u4f60\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u54ea\uff1fEconomic Development\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u7bc7\u5c31\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u591f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size:14px;\">\u82e5\u5e72\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u5728\u534e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u8bf4\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\u7f3a\u4e4f\u521b\u9020\u6027\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u521b\u9020\u6027\u4e86\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u4f60\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u600e\u4e48\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u5e94\uff1f\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5bf9\u4e2d\u6587\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u90fd\u5f97\u6709\u4ea4\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u843d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u3002\u300a\u63a8\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u4e1a\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff0c\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u5462\uff0cSocial 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