{"id":10107,"date":"2020-06-24T14:33:51","date_gmt":"2020-06-24T06:33:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.xxyyfy.com\/?p=10107"},"modified":"2020-06-24T14:33:51","modified_gmt":"2020-06-24T06:33:51","slug":"%e4%bc%a0%e6%95%99%e5%a3%ab%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%9b%bd%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.xxyyfy.com\/?p=10107","title":{"rendered":"\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5b66\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\t\t1662\u5e74\uff08\u5eb7\u7199\u5143\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6c5f\u897f\u5efa\u660c\u5e9c\u523b\u5370\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u4e66\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u667a\u6167\u300b\uff08Sapientia Sinica\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u67092\u9875\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u8bb0\u548c14\u9875\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u8bd1\u6587\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u524d\u90e8\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bd1\u6210\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u5e76\u520a\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u5e26\u5f80\u6b27\u6d32\u3002\u8bd1\u8005\u4e3a\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\uff08Prospero Intorcetta\uff0c1625-1696\uff09\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u90ed\u7eb3\u7235\uff08Ignatius da Costa\uff0c1599\uff0d1666\uff09\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u53c8\u8bd1\u6709\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9053\u5fb7\u5b66\u300b\uff08Sinarvm Scientia Politico-moralis\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e1667\u5e74\u548c1669\u5e74(\u5eb7\u7199\u516d\u5e74\u548c\u516b\u5e74)\u5206\u522b\u523b\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5dde\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u679c\u963f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1672\u5e74\u91cd\u7248\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u4e66\u672b\u9644\u6cd5\u6587\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u5185\u6709\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u77ed\u5e8f\u300154\u9875\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u62c9\u4e01\u8bd1\u6587\u30018\u9875\u7684\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u8bb0\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u8005\u4e3a\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6709\u90ed\u7eb3\u7235\u7b4917\u540d\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u610f\u7c4d\u4f1a\u58eb5\u4eba\u3001\u8461\u7c4d\u4f1a\u58eb5\u4eba\u3001\u6cd5\u7c4d\u4f1a\u58eb4\u4eba\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7c4d\u4f1a\u58eb2\u4eba\u3001\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7c4d\u4f1a\u58eb1\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u5b97\u6559\u754c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u7684\u9f0e\u529b\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u4e8e\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u548c\u90ed\u7eb3\u7235\u4e24\u4eba\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u523b\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u679c\u963f\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u9898\u523b\u5e74\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u8fd4\u56de\u6b27\u6d32\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e26\u8d70\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u732e\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u8f9e\u8f9b\u82e6\u5730\u5bfb\u627e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u5112\u5bb6\u6587\u732e\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u4f5c\u4ee5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u30021672\u5e74\uff0c\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u9053\u5fb7\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u6539\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u548c\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u8bb0\u6bd4\u5e7f\u5dde\u7248\u548c\u679c\u963f\u7248\u6709\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u8bf4\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u5982\u65e5\u4e2d\u5929\u7684\u662f\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b54\u5b50\u300b\uff08ConfuciusSinarum Philosophus\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u67cf\u5e94\u7406\uff08PhilippeCoupler\uff0c1623\uff0d1692\uff09\u3001\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u9c81\u65e5\u6ee1\uff08F.deRougemont\uff0c1624\uff0d1677\uff09\u3001\u5965\u5730\u5229\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u6069\u7406\u683c\uff08ChristianHerdtricht\uff0c1624\uff0d1684\uff09\u5949\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u6555\u4ee4\u5408\u7f16\u800c\u6210\uff0c1687\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u51fa\u7248\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u897f\u6587\u56db\u4e66\u76f4\u89e3\u300b\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u7c4d\u5bfc\u8bba\u3001\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u548c\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u5c11\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff0c\u6545\u53ea\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u4e09\u4e66\u76f4\u89e3\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u4e66\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5171412\u9875\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u63d2\u56fe\uff1a1\uff0e\u67cf\u5e94\u7406\u7ed9\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u7684\u732e\u8f9e\uff1b2\uff0e\u5bfc\u8a00\uff0c\u8bba\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u8981\u4e49\u3001\u5b8b\u660e\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\uff0c\u5386\u671d\u5386\u4ee3\u5bf9\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6ce8\u758f\uff0c\u4f5b\u8001\u548c\u5112\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u516d\u5341\u56db\u5366\u548c\u5366\u56fe\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\uff1b3\uff0e\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c\u5f00\u5377\u5373\u662f\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u5168\u8eab\u50cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u6240\u8457\uff1b4\uff0e\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u548c\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\uff0c\u5404\u4e3a39\u9875\u300169\u9875\u548c180\u9875\uff0c\u4e09\u4e66\u7686\u9644\u6ce8\u758f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u7531\u90ed\u7eb3\u7235\u6240\u8bd1\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u7531\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u8bd1\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u4eba\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u4e3a\u6bb7\u94ce\u6cfd\u6240\u8bd1\u3002\u6700\u540e\u9644\u6709\u67cf\u5e94\u7406\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7687\u671d\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u300b\uff08TabulaChronologcia MonarchiaeSinicae\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7ed8\u753b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd15\u7701\u7701\u56fe\u3001115\u5ea7\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fd1200\u5904\u6559\u5802\u3002\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7687\u671d\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u300b\u66fe\u4e8e1686\u5e74\u548c1687\u5e74\u523b\u6709\u5355\u884c\u672c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8868\u59cb\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d295\u5e74\u81f3\u516c\u5143\u521d\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8868\u4e3a\u516c\u5143\u5143\u5e74\u81f31683\u5e74\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u8868\u4e3a\u4e09\u7687\u4e16\u7cfb\u8868\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d2457\u5e74\u95f4\u9ec4\u5e1d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u516b\u5341\u516d\u4f4d\u5e1d\u738b\u4e16\u7cfb\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u540c\u5e74\u5373\u518d\u7248\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u53f2\u3002\u6b64\u4e66\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u672c\u4e49\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u793c\u4eea\u95ee\u9898\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u6545\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u63cf\u5199\u4e3a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u65e0\u7f3a\u7684\u6587\u660e\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u8d5e\u7f8e\u548c\u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u4f7f\u6b27\u6d32\u5b66\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\uff08G.W.Leibniz\uff09\u770b\u5230\u6b64\u4e66\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ed9\u53cb\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u66fe\u53d1\u884c\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f7c\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u738b\u8005\u3002\u201d\u5b54\u5b50\u88ab\u5c0a\u4e3a\u5929\u4e0b\u5148\u5e08\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u6700\u535a\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u9884\u8a00\u5bb6\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u70ed\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f17\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b54\u5b50\u5f62\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u8457\u8ff0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f97\u6700\u4e3a\u8be6\u5907\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t1688\u5e74\u81f31689\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u67cf\u5e94\u7406\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b54\u5b50\u300b\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6587\u8282\u8bd1\u672c\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u9053\u5fb7\u300b\uff1b1691\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u82f1\u6587\u8282\u8bd1\u672c\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u300b\uff0c\u82f1\u6cd5\u8bd1\u672c\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u4e3a\u6269\u5927\u9605\u8bfb\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u4f7f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u7684\u5168\u8bd1\u672c\u662f\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\uff08FrancaisNo?l\uff0c1651\uff0d1729\uff09\u4ee5\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b54\u5b50\u300b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5c06\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\uff08Adultorum schola\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff08Immutabilemedium\uff09\u3001\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\uff08Liber sententiarum\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff08Mencius\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5b5d\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Filialisobservatia\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e09\u5b57\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Parvulorum\uff09\u8bd1\u4e3a\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u516d\u5927\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\uff08Sinensi imperii libriclassici sex\uff09\u3002\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\u4e0d\u4f46\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9009\u8bd1\u5386\u4ee3\u6ce8\u758f\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u8be6\u5907\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5178\u7c4d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u300a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4e4b\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u300a\u4e0d\u53d8\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9053\u300b\u30021783\u5e74\u81f31786\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u516d\u5927\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u88ab\u8bd1\u4e3a\u6cd5\u6587\uff0c\u9898\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e03\u5377\uff0c\u4e66\u9996\u6709\u6587\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u53ca\u4f26\u7406\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\u53c8\u4ee5\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u300b\uff08PhilosophiaSinica\uff09\u4e0e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u516d\u5927\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u540c\u65f6\u540c\u5730\u520a\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e24\u4e66\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8d5e\u7f8e\uff0c\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u88ab\u7f57\u9a6c\u6559\u7687\u7981\u6b62\u53d1\u884c\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u85cf\u67091700\u5e74\u5728\u6c5f\u5357\u5357\u660c\u7684\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u8bd1\u672c\u4e09\u518c\u624b\u5199\u672c\uff1b\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u85cf\u6709\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u8bd1\u672c\u5404\u4e00\u518c\uff0c\u662f1700\u5e74\u7684\u624b\u5199\u672c\u3002\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u516d\u5927\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u6cd5\u8bd1\u672c\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u675c\u8d6b\u5fb7\uff08JeanBaptiste du Halde\uff09\u5df2\u5728\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\uff08Deion de la Chine\uff09\u4e2d\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6b64\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u5206\u6790\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u5df2\u88ab\u5168\u90e8\u8bd1\u6210\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4ece\u5229\u739b\u7aa6\u5230\u536b\u65b9\u6d4e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u957f\u8fbe\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\uff01\u4e2d\u897f\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u5148\u9a71\u4eec\u7684\u987d\u5f3a\u6bc5\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u540e\u4eba\u656c\u4ef0\u548c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7684\uff01\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u6cd5\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u5112\u83b2\uff08StanislasJulian\uff0c1799\uff0d1873\uff09\u66fe\u53c2\u8003\u6ee1\u6587\u672c\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff1b\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u97e9\u56fd\u82f1\uff08Pierre MachalCibot\uff0c1727\uff0d1780\uff09\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\uff08Traduction du Ta-hio\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff08Traduction duTchong-yong\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u8bb0\u5f55\u300b\u5377\u4e00\uff0c342\u9875\u81f3498\u9875\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bd1\u6587\u89c1\u4e8e1687\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u6742\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Notizievarie dell\u2019imperio della Cina\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5965\u5730\u5229\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u767d\u4e43\u5fc3\uff08JoannesGrueber\uff0c1623\uff0d1680\uff09\u6240\u8ff0\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u7f16\u64b0\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u4e3a\u7f57\u9a6c\u6559\u5ef7\u63a2\u5bfb\u6b27\u4e9a\u9646\u8def\u6765\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u672c\u658780\u9875\uff1b\u4fe1\u672d\u56db\u4ef6\uff0c42\u9875\uff0c\u4e66\u672b\u9644\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u8bd1\u6587\u53ca\u300a\u5b54\u5b50\u4f20\u300b\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201c\u56db\u4e66\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u848b\u53cb\u4ec1\uff08MichaelBonoist\uff0c1715\uff0d1774\uff09\u8bd1\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff08\u672a\u6210\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7eaa\u8981\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u65e0\u540d\u6c0f\u6240\u8bd1\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u7b49\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u4e8c\u3000\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5bf9\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5229\u739b\u7aa6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u5929\u4e3b\u5b9e\u4e49\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u6700\u591a\u7684\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c23\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff0c18\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5c1a\u4e66\u300b\uff0c13\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\uff0c11\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\uff0c7\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff0c3\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\uff0c1\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u8001\u5b50\u300b\uff0c1\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u300a\u5e84\u5b50\u300b[ii]\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u7684\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u91d1\u5c3c\u9601\uff08NicolasTrigaut\uff0c1577\uff0d1628\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281626\u5e74\uff08\u660e\u5929\u542f\u516d\u5e74\uff09\u4e8e\u676d\u5dde\u520a\u5370\u4e86\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\uff08PentabiblionSinense\uff09\u4e00\u518c\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u795e\u5723\u4e4b\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u65e9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u520a\u5370\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u7c4d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u672c\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u53d7\u5230\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5c1a\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u536b\u5321\u56fd\uff08MartinusMartini\uff0c1614\uff0d1661\uff091658\u5e74\u5728\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u521d\u7f16\u5341\u5377\u300b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u66fe\u5fb7\u662d\uff08Alvarus deSemedo\uff0c1585\uff0d1658\uff09\u4e8e1645\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u7248\u300a\u5927\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\uff08Relatio de magna monarchia Sinarum\uff0couHistoire universelle de la Chine\uff09[iii]\u91cc\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u6587\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u4e3e\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5eb7\u7199\u5e74\u95f4\u5148\u540e\u6709\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u767d\u664b\uff08JoachimBouvet\uff0c1656\uff0d1730\uff09\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u5218\u5e94\uff08Claude de Visdelou\uff0c1656\uff0d1727\uff09\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\uff08Joseph de Pr\u00e9mare\uff0c1666\uff0d1735\uff09\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u96f7\u5b5d\u6069\uff08Jean Baptisde Regis\uff0c1664\uff0d?\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u30021710\u5e74\u767d\u664b\u56e0\u4ece\u4e8b\u5929\u6587\u3001\u5386\u7b97\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u5eb7\u7199\u7279\u522b\u4ece\u6c5f\u897f\u5f81\u8c03\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u5085\u5723\u6cfd\uff08Joannes F.Foucquet\uff0c1663\uff0d1739\uff09\u534f\u52a9\u767d\u664b\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u524d\u540e6\u5e74\u3002\u767d\u664b\u66fe\u7528\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8457\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u8981\u65e8\u300b\uff08Ideageneralis doctrinae libri I-king\uff09\uff0c\u7a3f\u672c\u85cf\u4e8e\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u4ea6\u85cf\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5218\u5e94\u5bf9\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\u90fd\u6709\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6240\u8457\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u6982\u8bf4\u300b\uff08Noticesur le livre chinois I-king\uff0c1728\u5e74\uff09\u9644\u523b\u4e8e\u5b8b\u541b\u8363\uff08AntoineGaubile\uff0c1689-1759\uff09\u7684\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\u4e4b\u540e\u520a\u884c\uff0c\u4e3a406\u9875\u81f3437\u9875\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff08De perfectaimperturbabilitate\uff09\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1b\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Chou-king\uff09\u8bd1\u672c\u56db\u5377\u516d\u518c\u85cf\u4e8e\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u96f7\u5b5d\u6069\u66fe\u5c06\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u51af\u79c9\u6b63\uff08P.deMailla\uff0c1669\uff0d1748\uff09\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\u5e76\u7528\u6ee1\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u53c2\u4ee5\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u6c64\u5c1a\u8d24\uff08Pierre deTartre\uff0c1669\uff0d1724\uff09\u7684\u6ce8\u758f\uff0c\u539f\u7a3f\u85cf\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u30021834\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u6731\u5229\u65af\u00b7\u83ab\u5c14\uff08Julius Mohl\uff09\u5728\u65af\u56fe\u4e9a\u7279\u5370\u7b2c1\u518c\uff0c1839\u5e74\u7eed\u51fa\u7b2c2\u518c\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u53e4\u7684\u5178\u7c4d\u2018\u6613\u7ecf\u2019\u300b\uff08I-King antiquissimus Sinarum Liber\uff09\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u520611\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u4f0f\u7fb2\u3001\u521b\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u6ce8\u758f\u3001\u516b\u5366\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u5408\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u6ce8\u758f\u548c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4ed6\u5bf9\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u201c\u9996\u6b21\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8f83\u5145\u5206\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5c14\u540e\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53c2\u8003\u548c\u501f\u9274\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002\u201d[iv]\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\u9009\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u4e5f\u88ab\u675c\u8d6b\u5fb7\u6536\u5165\u6cd5\u6587\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518c298\u9875\u81f3308\u9875\uff1b\u8fd8\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\u6240\u9009\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300a\u5929\u4f5c\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7687\u77e3\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6291\u300b\u7b49\u516b\u9996\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7a3f\u672c\u5747\u85cf\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3002\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\u662f\u5960\u5b9a\u6cd5\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u540d\u8457\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c1741\u5e74\u30011749\u5e74\u548c1774\u5e74\u5206\u522b\u7531\u82f1\u3001\u5fb7\u3001\u4fc4\u4e09\u56fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c1736\u5e7412\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u8282\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c1741\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u5168\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u5b59\u748b\uff08Alxander De la Charme\uff0c1695\uff0d1767\uff09\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Traductiondu Li-ki\uff09\u4e3a\u6cd5\u6587\u3001\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Livre desVers\uff09\u4e3a\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\uff0c\u9644\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e1733\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u52301830\u5e74\u624d\u7531\u5df4\u9ece\u8457\u540d\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u6731\u5229\u65af\u00b7\u83ab\u5c14\uff08Julius Mohl\uff09\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4ea4\u5fb7\u56fd\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\u548c\u8482\u5bbe\u6839\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u300a\u5b54\u592b\u5b50\u7684\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u7a3f\u6536\u85cf\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u520a\u884c\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u5168\u672c\u3002\u8bd1\u672c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u4ecd\u89c9\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5b59\u748b\u7684\u5168\u8bd1\u672c\u65e9\u4e8e\u9a6c\u82e5\u745f\u7684\u9009\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5148\u6d41\u884c\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5374\u662f\u540e\u8005\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5b8b\u541b\u8363\u66fe\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Livredes Vers\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Le Chou-king traduit et annot\u00e9\uff09\u3001\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Li-ki\uff09\u548c\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff08Le I-king\uff09\u30021739\u5e74\u8bd1\u6bd5\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e16\u540e20\u5e74\uff0c\u53731770\u5e74\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u520a\u884c\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5eb7\u7199\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u5b54\u5b89\u56fd\u53e4\u6587\u300a\u5c1a\u4e66\u300b\u6ee1\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\u4e3a\u5e95\u672c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4ee5\u6c49\u6587\u539f\u6587\u4f5c\u4e86\u5ba1\u5b9a\u3002\u5b8b\u541b\u8363\u901a\u6653\u5929\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u5bf9\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u53e4\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u300b\uff08Astronomie dans le Chou-king\uff09\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u9644\u5f55\u5728\u8bd1\u8457\u4e2d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8bd1\u6587\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u5fb7\u7ecf\uff08De Guignes\uff09\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8865\u6ce8\u3001\u63d2\u56fe\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0a\u53e4\u4e09\u671d\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u7b80\u53f2\u3002\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b1749\u5e74\u5bc4\u56de\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u6559\u5802\u5185\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u520a\u884c\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u58eb\u8bd1\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u6559\u58eb\u987e\u8d5b\u82ac\uff08S\u00e9raphin Couvreur\uff0c1835\uff0d1919\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6cb3\u5317\u732e\u53bf\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e4e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5112\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u9762\u4e4b\u5e7f\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u30021895\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\uff1b1896\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1897\u5e74\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1899\u5e74\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\uff1b1914\u5e74\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\uff1b1916\u5e74\u300a\u4eea\u793c\u300b\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6cd5\u8bed\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u5bf9\u6c49\u8bed\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd1\u91ca\uff0c\u8bd1\u672c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u548c\u6cd5\u6587\u4e0e\u6c49\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u6392\u5370\uff0c\u5728\u8be0\u91ca\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u52a0\u5165\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u52aa\u529b\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u7a0b\u6731\u7406\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u9010\u5b57\u9010\u53e5\u5730\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ed6\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u4f18\u96c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bd1\u6587\u53ef\u9760\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u76f4\u523050\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd1\u672c\u53c8\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u518d\u7248\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5927\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u4e09\u3000\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u65b0\u6559\u968f\u7740\u9a6c\u793c\u900a\uff08Robert Morrison\uff0c1782\uff0d1834\uff091807\u5e74\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4f20\u6559\u3002\u9a6c\u793c\u900a\u4e8e1812\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u6d78\u793c\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u9a6c\u4ec0\u66fc\uff08John Marshman\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6fb3\u95e8\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u62c9\u8428\uff08Joannes Lassar\uff09\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u4e8e1809\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u82f1\u56fd\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u79cd\u5fb7\uff08DavidCollie\uff0c\uff1f\uff0d1828\uff09\uff0c\u6765\u534e\u540e\u66fe\u8ddf\u9a6c\u793c\u900a\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u662f\u82f1\u534e\u4e66\u9662\u7b2c\u4e09\u4efb\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c1828\u5e74\u5728\u9a6c\u516d\u7532\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u8bd1\u6ce8\u300b\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u82f1\u56fd\u5b89\u7acb\u7518\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u9ea6\u514b\u5f00\u62c9\u542f\uff08ThomasMcClatchie\uff0c1813\uff0d1885\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u8bd1\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\u4e3a\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u672a\u6700\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u5055\u6211\u516c\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u82cf\u6167\u5ec9\uff08William EdwardSoothill\uff0c1861\uff0d1935\uff09\u8fd8\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u662f\u5e76\u79f0\u6c49\u7c4d\u6b27\u8bd1\u4e09\u5927\u5e08[v]\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u7406\u96c5\u5404\uff08JamesLegge\uff0c1814\uff0d1897\uff09\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u540c\u5584\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u536b\u793c\u8d24\uff08RichardWilhelm\uff0c1873\uff0d1930\uff09\u548c\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u987e\u8d5b\u82ac\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u7528\u4e86\u6bd5\u751f\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u5fc3\u8840\u5c06\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u5fb7\u8bed\u548c\u6cd5\u8bed\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u963f\u4f2f\u4e01\u5927\u5b66\uff0c1839\u5e74\u6765\u534e\u30021858\u5e74\u4ed6\u8ba1\u5212\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5404\u81ea\u9644\u4ee5\u539f\u6587\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u53ca\u957f\u7bc7\u7eea\u8bba\u30021861\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\uff08TheChinese Classics\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6709\u6e5b\u7ea6\u7ff0\uff08John Chalmers\uff0c1825\uff0d1899\uff09\u3001\u5408\u4fe1\uff08BenjaminHobson\uff0c1816\uff0d1873\uff09\u53ca\u534e\u4eba\u9ec4\u80dc\u7b49\u3002\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u4e94\u5377\u6240\u542b\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c1861\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\uff08The ConfucianAnalects\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\uff08The Great Learning\uff09\uff1b1861\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff08The Doctrine of theMan\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff08The Works ofMencius\uff09\uff1b1865\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5377\uff0c\u4e3a\u300a\u4e66\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1871\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u5377\uff0c\u4e3a\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1872\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u5377\uff0c\u4e3a\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u5747\u520a\u4e8e\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u738b\u97ec\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c1867\u5e74\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u738b\u6c0f\u8d74\u82f1\u56fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u534f\u52a9\uff0c\u738b\u97ec\u62b5\u8fbe\u82f1\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e8c\u5e74\u30021876\u5e74\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u88ab\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4e3a\u6c49\u5b66\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u9080\u8bf7\u738b\u97ec\u5408\u4f5c\u4ece\u4e8b\u8bd1\u8ff0\uff0c\u738b\u97ec\u5e38\u4e3a\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u9610\u91ca\u7ecf\u610f\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u897f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u914d\u5408\u9ed8\u5951\uff0c\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\u3002\u4ed6\u5f52\u56fd\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u5377\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1882\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7b2c\u4e03\u5377\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5b5d\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u665a\u5e74\u4ed6\u8fd8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u6cd5\u663e\u7684\u300a\u4f5b\u56fd\u8bb0\u300b\uff08ARecord of Buddhistic Kkingdoms\uff0c1886\uff09\u3001\u300a\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u5e1d\u300b\uff08Ch\u2019in Shih Hwang Ti\uff0cLe Lotus\uff09\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\u300b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u662f\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u503e\u6ce8\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u5fc3\u8840\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5b8f\u5927\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u5353\u5c14\u4e0d\u7fa4\u7684\u5b66\u8bc6\u548c\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u4ece16\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u523018\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6765\u534e\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5178\u7c4d\u4e5f\u66fe\u591a\u6709\u8bd1\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u53ea\u8bd1\u7247\u65ad\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u6c49\u8bed\u4e0d\u7cbe\uff0c\u6216\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5112\u5b66\u7ecf\u4e49\u94bb\u7814\u4e0d\u900f\uff0c\u6216\u8bf7\u5b66\u517b\u6d45\u964b\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u5408\u8bd1\uff0c\u8bd1\u6587\u5f80\u5f80\u8bed\u4e49\u6b20\u901a\uff0c\u8c2c\u8bef\u767e\u51fa\u3002\u7406\u96c5\u5404\u672c\u4eba\u7cbe\u901a\u6c49\u5b66\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u901a\u529b\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u8bd1\u51fa\u5112\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u5b9e\u5c5e\u96be\u5f97\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u6b27\u7f8e\u4eba\u58eb\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u7406\u6c0f\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5148\u540e\u8363\u83b7\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5b66\u9662\u5112\u83b2\u5956\u548c\u7231\u4e01\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u8363\u8a89\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u536b\u793c\u8d24\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\u5e02\u4eba\uff0c\u5b57\u5e0c\u5723\uff0c\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021899\uff0d1921\u5e74\u5728\u9752\u5c9b\u4efb\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c1921\uff0d1929\u5e74\u4efb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8db3\u8db3\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8625\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u7c4d\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u62a5\u544a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5fb7\u56fd\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5148\u540e\u521b\u529e\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u793c\u8d24\u4e66\u9662\u548c\u5c0a\u5b54\u6587\u793e\uff0c\u66fe\u62dc\u6bb5\u6b63\u5143\u592b\u5b50\u4e3a\u5e08\uff0c\u4e8e\u5112\u9053\u4e4b\u5b66\u9887\u6709\u5fc3\u5f97[vi]\u30021924\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u793e\u201d\uff08ChinaInstitut\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5f00\u59cb\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u732e\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5fb7\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u53d1\u884c\u3002\u5176\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fc3\u7075\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u536b\u793c\u8d24\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u957f\u671f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c[vii]\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t1910\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8036\u62ff\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u5fb7\u8bd1\u672c\uff1b\u6b21\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1912\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u5217\u5b50\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5e84\u5b50\u300b\uff1b1914\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff1b1916\u5e74\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff1b1920\u5e74\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u3002\u56de\u56fd\u540e1925\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\uff1b1928\u5e74\u300a\u5415\u6c0f\u6625\u79cb\u300b\uff1b1930\u5e74\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u300a\u897f\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e09\u8a00\u4e24\u62cd\u300b\u3001\u300a\u804a\u658b\u5fd7\u5f02\u300b\u3001\u300a\u641c\u795e\u8bb0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5c01\u795e\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5217\u56fd\u5fd7\u300b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7ae0\u8282\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8f7d\u5165\u4ed6\u6240\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u95f4\u7ae5\u8bdd\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u6700\u4eab\u76db\u540d\uff0c\u201c\u5177\u6709\u7279\u522b\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u7136\u91cd\u7248\uff0c\u7545\u9500\u4e0d\u8870\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u56db\u3000\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c49\u5b66\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u9a7b\u5317\u4eac\u4f20\u6559\u56e2\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u5217\u6602\u5b63\u8036\u592b\uff08A\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0439\u041b\u0435\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0438\u0447\u041b\u0415\u041e\u041d\u0422\u042a\u0415\u0412\uff0c1716\uff0d1786\uff09\uff0c\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u9a7b\u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u4f20\u6559\u56e2\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1780\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u4fc4\u6587\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u30011784\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\u300a\u4e94\u7ecf\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6587\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\u6bd4\u4e18\u6797\uff08H.\u042f.\u0411\u0419\u0427\u0420\u0418H\uff0c1777\uff0d1853\uff09\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u6c49\u5b66\u548c\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\uff0c\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u9a7b\u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e5d\u5c4a\u4f20\u6559\u56e2\u9886\u73ed\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u901a\u8baf\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u300a\u56db\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u520a\u884c\u3002\n\t<\/p>\n

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